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Russell U.S. Indexes
Construction & methodology

Index construction summary
Russell produces a family of market cap-weighted U.S. equity indexes. All U.S. indexes are subsets of the Russell 3000E™ Index, which represents approximately 99% of the U.S. equity market.

Download the complete U.S. index construction and methodology (PDF)

Purpose
  • Act as a performance standard for active managers.
  • Serve as a proxy for asset allocation purposes.
  • Become a purchasable and replicable vehicle for passive investment strategy.
Determining index membership
  • Rank the U.S. common stocks from largest to smallest market capitalization at each annual reconstitution period (May 31).
  • Top 3,000 stocks become the Russell 3000® Index.
  • Largest 1,000 stocks become the Russell 1000® Index.
  • Next 2,000 stocks become the Russell 2000® Index.
  • The smallest 1,000 in the Russell 2000 Index plus the next smallest 1,000 comprise the Russell Microcap Index.
Determining style index membership

  • Rank each stock in the Russell 1000 and Russell 2000 by respective variables to determine Valuation (Growth/Value) or Stability (Defensive/Dynamic) styles.
    • Valuation style variables: book-to-price ratio to represent value and I/B/E/S forecast medium-term growth and historical sales per share growth to represent growth.
    • Stability style variables: EPS variability, ROA, and debt-to-equity to represent quality and total return volatility over two time periods to represent volatility.
  • Combine variables to create a composite value score (CVS) for each stock. To ensure that turnover remains low, Valuation style implements a band of +/- .15 at the CVS level to prevent the occurrence of smaller, less meaningful movements
  • Rank the stocks by their CVS and apply a non-linear probability algorithm to the distribution to determine style membership weights. Roughly 70% are classified as all value or all growth and 30% are weighted proportionately to both value & growth.
Exclusions
  • Stocks trading below $1.00.
  • Pink sheet and bulletin board stocks.
  • Closed-end mutual funds, limited partnerships, royalty trusts, etc.
  • Foreign Stocks and American Depositary Receipts (ADRs).
Adjustments
  • Adjust shares outstanding for cross ownership and privately held shares to reflect shares available for trading.
  • Adjust book value due to FAS 106 & 109 write-offs when determining price-to-book ratio for style classification.
Maintenance
  • Stocks deleted between reconstitution dates are not replaced.
  • Spin-offs and Initial Public Offerings are the only additions between reconstitution dates.
  • Dividends are reinvested on the ex-date.


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Indexes are unmanaged and cannot be invested in directly.